A data storage system is a fundamental component of any computing system that enables the storage, retrieval, and manipulation of data. It refers to the hardware and software infrastructure used to store, organize, and manage large volumes of data in a structured and efficient manner. There are various types of data storage systems, including storage area networks (SAN), network-attached storage (NAS), and cloud storage solutions. Data storage systems typically consist of storage devices such as hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and tape drives, as well as software tools for data management, backup, and archiving. These systems play a critical role in ensuring the availability and integrity of data for applications, users, and organizations. Data storage systems are constantly evolving to meet the growing demands for storage capacity, performance, reliability, and scalability. Key challenges in this research area include data security, data deduplication, data compression, and data recovery.